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To tread down

  • 1 inculcate

    in-culco, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. [in-calco], to tread in, tread down (class., esp. in the trop. signif.).
    I.
    Lit., to tread down, ram [p. 930] down:

    aliquid,

    Col. 2, 20, 1:

    semen obrutum pavicula,

    id. 11, 3, 34.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To stuff, press, or force in:

    Graeca verba,

    Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111:

    leviora,

    id. Or. 15, 50; id. Att. 16, 3, 1; Col. 6, 12, 2.—
    B.
    To force upon, to impress on or inculcate in:

    id quod tradatur, vel etiam inculcetur, posse percipere animo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 127; cf. Quint. 3, 1, 6; Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 2:

    vos non modo oculis imagines, sed etiam animis inculcatis: tanta est impunitas garriendi,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 38, 108 fin.:

    firmissima quaeque memoriae judicis,

    Quint. 6, 4, 5; cf.

    judicibus,

    id. 11, 3, 130:

    quibusdam offeram, quibusdam etiam inculcabo,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 1:

    inculcatum est Metello, te aratores evertisse,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 67, § 156: se, to obtrude one ' s self upon:

    Graeci, qui se inculcant auribus nostris,

    id. de Or. 2, 5, 19.— Hence, part. pass.: inculcātus, a, um, pressed, stuffed, or crammed in (class.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    lana morsibus canis,

    Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 32:

    lapides,

    Col. 8, 15, 3.—
    B.
    Trop., mixed or foisted in:

    inania verba,

    Cic. Or. 69, 250: archetupon crebris locis inculcatum et refectum, emphasized by additions, id. Att. 16, 3, 1.— Hence, inculcātē, adv., forcibly (late Lat.); comp.: inculcatius, Aug. cont. Julian. V. 16, 63.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > inculcate

  • 2 inculcatus

    in-culco, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. [in-calco], to tread in, tread down (class., esp. in the trop. signif.).
    I.
    Lit., to tread down, ram [p. 930] down:

    aliquid,

    Col. 2, 20, 1:

    semen obrutum pavicula,

    id. 11, 3, 34.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To stuff, press, or force in:

    Graeca verba,

    Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111:

    leviora,

    id. Or. 15, 50; id. Att. 16, 3, 1; Col. 6, 12, 2.—
    B.
    To force upon, to impress on or inculcate in:

    id quod tradatur, vel etiam inculcetur, posse percipere animo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 127; cf. Quint. 3, 1, 6; Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 2:

    vos non modo oculis imagines, sed etiam animis inculcatis: tanta est impunitas garriendi,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 38, 108 fin.:

    firmissima quaeque memoriae judicis,

    Quint. 6, 4, 5; cf.

    judicibus,

    id. 11, 3, 130:

    quibusdam offeram, quibusdam etiam inculcabo,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 1:

    inculcatum est Metello, te aratores evertisse,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 67, § 156: se, to obtrude one ' s self upon:

    Graeci, qui se inculcant auribus nostris,

    id. de Or. 2, 5, 19.— Hence, part. pass.: inculcātus, a, um, pressed, stuffed, or crammed in (class.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    lana morsibus canis,

    Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 32:

    lapides,

    Col. 8, 15, 3.—
    B.
    Trop., mixed or foisted in:

    inania verba,

    Cic. Or. 69, 250: archetupon crebris locis inculcatum et refectum, emphasized by additions, id. Att. 16, 3, 1.— Hence, inculcātē, adv., forcibly (late Lat.); comp.: inculcatius, Aug. cont. Julian. V. 16, 63.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > inculcatus

  • 3 inculco

    in-culco, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. [in-calco], to tread in, tread down (class., esp. in the trop. signif.).
    I.
    Lit., to tread down, ram [p. 930] down:

    aliquid,

    Col. 2, 20, 1:

    semen obrutum pavicula,

    id. 11, 3, 34.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To stuff, press, or force in:

    Graeca verba,

    Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111:

    leviora,

    id. Or. 15, 50; id. Att. 16, 3, 1; Col. 6, 12, 2.—
    B.
    To force upon, to impress on or inculcate in:

    id quod tradatur, vel etiam inculcetur, posse percipere animo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 28, 127; cf. Quint. 3, 1, 6; Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 2:

    vos non modo oculis imagines, sed etiam animis inculcatis: tanta est impunitas garriendi,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 38, 108 fin.:

    firmissima quaeque memoriae judicis,

    Quint. 6, 4, 5; cf.

    judicibus,

    id. 11, 3, 130:

    quibusdam offeram, quibusdam etiam inculcabo,

    Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 1:

    inculcatum est Metello, te aratores evertisse,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 67, § 156: se, to obtrude one ' s self upon:

    Graeci, qui se inculcant auribus nostris,

    id. de Or. 2, 5, 19.— Hence, part. pass.: inculcātus, a, um, pressed, stuffed, or crammed in (class.).
    A.
    Lit.:

    lana morsibus canis,

    Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 32:

    lapides,

    Col. 8, 15, 3.—
    B.
    Trop., mixed or foisted in:

    inania verba,

    Cic. Or. 69, 250: archetupon crebris locis inculcatum et refectum, emphasized by additions, id. Att. 16, 3, 1.— Hence, inculcātē, adv., forcibly (late Lat.); comp.: inculcatius, Aug. cont. Julian. V. 16, 63.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > inculco

  • 4 calco

    calco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. calx], to tread something or upon something, to tread under foot.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit. (very freq.; mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose;

    not in Cic.)' astructos morientum acervos,

    Ov. M. 5, 88; 12, 391:

    calcata vipera,

    trodden upon, id. ib. 10, 23; 12, 391;

    13, 804: alius manum aeger, ut pede ac vestigio Caesaris calcaretur, orabat,

    Tac. H. 4, 81:

    cineres ossaque legionum,

    id. ib. 5, 17:

    calcata lacinia togae,

    Suet. Calig. 35: uvam, [p. 268] to tread grapes, Cato, R. R. 112 fin.; Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Ov. M. 2, 29; id. F. 4, 897; Col. 6, 15, 1.— To stamp, beat:

    in mortario,

    Apic. 2, 3:

    solum ferratis vectibus,

    Plin. 36, 23, 52, § 173.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To tread down, to oppress, trample upon (the figure is taken from a victorious warrior who tramples upon his prostrate opponents):

    amorem,

    Ov. Am. 3, 11, 5; cf.

    hostem,

    Juv. 10, 86:

    gentem,

    Just. 12, 16, 11:

    libertas nostra in foro obteritur et calcatur,

    Liv. 34, 2, 2:

    calcatum jus,

    Claud. in Eutr. 2, 125.—
    2.
    To scorn, contemn, spurn, despise, abuse:

    insultetque rogis, calcet et ossa mea,

    Prop. 2, 8, 20:

    aliquid quasi fastidiendo calcare,

    Quint. 5, 13, 22:

    calcatum foedus,

    Stat. Th. 3, 208.—
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    Of objects in space, to tread, pass over: calcanda semel via leti, * Hor. C. 1, 28, 16; Petr. 118, 5:

    scopulos, litora,

    Ov. H. 2, 121:

    durum aequor,

    the frozen sea, id. Tr. 3, 10, 39:

    campum,

    Claud. VI. Cons Hon. 515:

    calcatos lucos Jovi,

    frequented by, Sil. 3, 675.—
    B.
    Of the cock, to tread, Col. 8, 5, 24.—
    C.
    In gen., to press close together, to press in:

    oleas in orculam calcato,

    Cato, R. R. 117 fin.:

    tomentum in culcita,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 167 Müll.; Cato, R. R. 52, 1; 28, 2; Pall. Jan. 20; Plin. 36, 23, 52, § 173; Verg. G. 2, 244.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > calco

  • 5 conculcō

        conculcō āvī, ātus, āre    [com- + calco], to tread upon, trample: virum.—Fig., to tread down, trample, abuse, despise, contemn: istum conculcandum putaverunt: huic conculcandam Italiam tradere: lauream: rem p. conculcatam ridere.
    * * *
    conculcare, conculcavi, conculcatus V TRANS
    tread/trample upon/underfoot/down; crush, oppress; despise, disregard

    Latin-English dictionary > conculcō

  • 6 exculco

    ex-culco, āvi, ātum, 1 [calco], to tread or beat out (very rare; not in Cic.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ex dominis meis pugnis furfures,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 30.—
    * II.
    Transf., to tread down, to stamp firm or close:

    singuli ab infimo solo pedes terra exculcabantur,

    rammed down, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 7 Oud.— Hence, * exculcātus, a, um, P. a. (trodden out, worn out by treading; trop.), worn out:

    verba nimis obsoleta exculcataque,

    Gell. 11, 7, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > exculco

  • 7 proculco

    prō-culco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [calco], to tread down, trample upon (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    I.
    Lit.:

    turbatus eques sua ipse subsidia territis equis proculcavit,

    Liv. 10, 36, 5:

    crescenti segetes proculcat in herbā,

    Ov. M. 8, 290; cf. Sev. ap. Sen. Suas. 6, 26, 26 sq.—Of a Centaur:

    pedibusque virum proculcat equinis,

    Ov. M. 12, 374:

    solum,

    Col. 3, 13, 6:

    uvas,

    id. 12, 19, 3; cf. id. 12, 15, 3; Phaedr. 1, 32, 9:

    nepotem,

    trample to death, Just. 44, 4, 4:

    una ala ipso impetu proculcata erat,

    crushed, Curt. 3, 11, 14:

    aliquem,

    Tac. H. 3, 81:

    materiam,

    Just. 38, 10, 3: qui tot proculcavimus nives, have trodden, i. e. traversed, Curt. 6, 3, 16.—
    II.
    Trop., to trample upon, tread under foot, despise:

    qui fata proculcavit,

    Sen. Phoen. 193:

    proculcato senatu,

    Tac. H. 1, 40:

    proculcata desertaque respublica,

    Suet. Vesp. 5:

    contumeliosā voce,

    Val. Max. 9, 5, 3.—Hence, prōculcātus, a, um, P. a., trodden down; trop., = tritus, trodden under foot, mean, low, common (post-class.):

    verba proculcata vulgo et protrita,

    Gell. 18, 4, 6; cf. id. 17, 2, 10.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proculco

  • 8 conculco

    con-culco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [calco], to tread under foot, to crush or bruise by treading. *
    I.
    Prop.:

    vinaceos in dolia picata,

    Cato, R. R. 25.—More freq.,
    II.
    Trop. (cf. calco, I. B.).
    A.
    To tread down, trample upon in a hostile manner, to abuse:

    istum semper illi ipsi domi proterendum et conculcandum putaverunt,

    Cic. Fl. 22, 53:

    adversarios tuos,

    Hier. in Isa. 14, 51, 14:

    miseram Italiam,

    Cic. Att. 8, 11, 4.—
    B.
    To tread under foot, i. e. to despise, treat with contempt:

    nam cupide conculcatur nimis ante metutum,

    Lucr. 5, 1140:

    lauream,

    Cic. Pis. 35, 61:

    pontificem a pedisequis conculcari,

    id. Dom. 42, 110:

    disice et conculca ista quae extrinsecus splendent,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conculco

  • 9 inculcō

        inculcō āvī, ātus, āre    [in+calco], to tread in, tread down; hence, in discourse, to force in, drag in: Graeca verba: inculcata invenias inania verba, i. e. superfluous.—To force upon, impress on, inculcate, insist: id quod inculcetur, percipere: oculis imagines: se auribus nostris, intrude: inculcatum est Metello, te aratores evertisse: ut nominaret, etc
    * * *
    inculcare, inculcavi, inculcatus V
    force upon, impress, drive home

    Latin-English dictionary > inculcō

  • 10 exculcō

        exculcō —, —, āre    [ex + calco], to tread down, stamp firm, Cs.
    * * *
    exculcare, exculcavi, exculcatus V

    Latin-English dictionary > exculcō

  • 11 occulcō

        occulcō —, ātus, āre    [ob+calco], to tread down, trample: partim occulcatis, L.
    * * *
    occulcare, occulcavi, occulcatus V

    Latin-English dictionary > occulcō

  • 12 prōculcō

        prōculcō āvī, ātus, āre    [pro+calco], to tread down, trample upon: eques sua ipse subsidia proculcavit, rode down, L.: proculcato senatu, Ta.: hunc ungula proculcat equorum, V.: segetes in herbā, O.: proculcatas (ranas) obteret duro pede, Ph.: una ala ipso impetu proculcata erat, crushed, Cu.: qui tot proculcavimus nives, i. e. have traversed, Cu.
    * * *
    proculcare, proculcavi, proculcatus V

    Latin-English dictionary > prōculcō

  • 13 ex-terō

        ex-terō —, —, ere,    to tread down, crush: nives, O.

    Latin-English dictionary > ex-terō

  • 14 deculco

    deculcare, deculcavi, deculcatus V TRANS
    tread down, crush with the feet; trample upon (L+S)

    Latin-English dictionary > deculco

  • 15 deculco

    dē-culco, āre, v. a., to tread down, trample upon (post-Aug. and rare):

    bacas in qualo pedibus,

    Plin. 17, 10, 11, § 61:

    aspros molares,

    Stat. Th. 1, 362; Tert. Apol. 46.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > deculco

  • 16 extero

    ex-tĕro, trīvi, trītum, 3, to rub out, bring out by rubbing; to remove by rubbing, to rub off or away (rare; not in Cic.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    extritus viribus ignis,

    Lucr. 5, 1098:

    jumentorum ungulis e spica exteruntur grana,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 52, 2:

    messem,

    Plin. 18, 30, 72, § 298; Col. 2, 9, 11:

    littera extrita,

    elided, Varr. L. L. 5, § 96 Müll.; id. R. R. 2, 1, 7:

    gemma politur ex marmore, ut inutilia exterantur,

    Plin. 37, 10, 62, § 172:

    opus poliat lima, non exterat,

    Quint. 10, 4, 4:

    rubiginem ferro,

    Plin. 31, 6, 33, § 66:

    congestas exteret ille nives,

    will tread down, crush, Ov. Am. 1, 9, 12; cf.:

    anima hominis magno pondere extriti,

    crushed, Sen. Ep. 57 med. —
    II.
    Trop., to wear out by use, to use up:

    tabes mercium aut fraus Seplasiae sic exteritur,

    Plin. 34, 11, 25, § 108 Sillig (Jan. taxetur).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > extero

  • 17 pavio

    păvĭo, īvi, ītum, 4, v. a. [kindr. with paiô], to beat, strike.
    I.
    Lit.:

    pavit aequor harenam,

    Lucr. 2, 376:

    aliquid ex ore pavire terram,

    Cic. Div. 2, 34, 72.—
    II.
    Transf., to beat, ram, or tread down:

    aream esse oportet solidam, terrā pavitā,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 51, 1:

    sato pavitur terra,

    Plin. 19, 7, 36, § 120:

    pavimenta fistucis pavita,

    id. 36, 25, 61, § 185:

    pavitum solum,

    Col. 1, 6, 16.—Hence, păvītum, i, n., a hard-beaten floor, a pavement (post-class.), Paul. Nol. Carm. 25, 37.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pavio

  • 18 calcō

        calcō āvī, ātus, āre    [1 calx], to tread, tread upon, trample: exstructos morientum acervos, O.: calcata vipera, trodden, O.: in foro calcatur, L.: pede, Ta.: Huc ager dulcesque undae ad plenum calcentur, packed in, V.: cineres ossaque legionum, Ta.—Fig., to trample upon, suppress: hostem, Iu.: libertas nostra, L.: amorem, O. — Of space, to tread, pass over: calcanda semel via leti, H.: durum aequor, the frozen sea, O.
    * * *
    calcare, calcavi, calcatus V
    tread/trample upon/under foot, crush; tamp/ram down; spurn; copulate (cock)

    Latin-English dictionary > calcō

  • 19 premo

    prĕmo, essi, essum, 3, v. a. [etym. dub.; cf. prelum], to press (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    pede pedem alicui premere,

    Plaut. As. 4, 1, 30:

    et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,

    Verg. A. 7, 518:

    veluti qui sentibus anguem Pressit humi nitens,

    id. ib. 2, 379:

    novercae Monstra manu premens,

    id. ib. 8, 288:

    pressit et inductis membra paterna rotis,

    i. e. drove her chariot over her father's body, Ov. Ib. 366:

    trabes Hymettiae Premunt columnas,

    press, rest heavily upon them, Hor. C. 2, 18, 3:

    premere terga genu alicujus,

    Ov. Am. 3, 2, 24:

    ubera plena,

    i. e. to milk, id. F. 4, 769:

    vestigia alicujus,

    to tread in, to follow one's footsteps, Tac. A. 2, 14:

    nudis pressit qui calcibus anguem,

    Juv. 1, 43:

    dente frena,

    to bite, to champ, Ov. M. 10, 704:

    ore aliquid,

    to chew, eat, id. ib. 5, 538; cf.:

    aliquid morsu,

    Lucr. 3, 663:

    presso molari,

    with compressed teeth, Juv. 5, 160:

    pressum lac,

    i. e. cheese, Verg. E. 1, 82.—In mal. part.:

    Hister Peucen premerat Antro,

    forced, Val. Fl. 8, 256:

    uxorem,

    Suet. Calig. 25.—Of animals:

    feminas premunt galli,

    Mart. 3, 57, 17.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Poet., to bear down upon, to touch:

    premere litora,

    Ov. M. 14, 416:

    litus,

    to keep close to the shore, Hor. C. 2, 10, 3:

    aëra,

    i. e. to fly, Luc. 7, 835.—
    2.
    Poet., to hold fast, hold, firmly grasp:

    premere frena manu,

    Ov. M. 8, 37:

    ferrum,

    to grasp, Sil. 5, 670:

    capulum,

    id. 2, 615.—
    3.
    Poet., to press a place with one's body, i. e. to sit, stand, lie, fall, or seat one's self on any thing:

    toros,

    Ov. H. 12, 30:

    sedilia,

    id. M. 5, 317:

    hoc quod premis habeto,

    id. ib. 5, 135:

    et pictam positā pharetram cervice premebat,

    id. ib. 2, 421:

    humum,

    to lie on the ground, id. Am. 3, 5, 16; cf. id. F. 4, 844:

    frondes tuo premis ore caducas,

    id. M. 9, 650; Sen. Hippol. 510.—
    4.
    To cover, to conceal by covering (mostly poet.):

    aliquid terrā,

    to conceal, bury in the earth, Hor. Epod. 1, 33:

    nonumque prematur in annum,

    kept back, suppressed, id. A. P. 388:

    omne lucrum tenebris alta premebat humus,

    Ov. Am. 3, 8, 36:

    ossa male pressa,

    i. e. buried, id. Tr. 5, 3, 39; Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 191; hence, to crown, to cover or adorn with any thing:

    ut premerer sacrā lauro,

    Hor. C. 3, 4, 18:

    molli Fronde crinem,

    Verg. A. 4, 147:

    canitiem galeā,

    id. ib. 9, 612:

    mitrā capillos,

    Ov. F. 4, 517; cf. Verg. A. 5, 556.—
    5.
    To make, form, or shape any thing by pressing ( poet.):

    quod surgente die mulsere horisque diurnis, Nocte premunt,

    they make into cheese, Verg. G. 3, 400:

    os fingit premendo,

    id. A. 6, 80:

    caseos,

    id. E. 1, 35:

    mollem terram,

    Vulg. Sap. 15, 7; Calp. Ecl. 5, 34.—
    6.
    To press hard upon, bear down upon, to crowd, pursue closely:

    hostes de loco superiore,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

    Pompeiani nostros premere et instare coeperunt,

    id. B. C. 3, 46:

    hac fugerent Graii, premeret Trojana juventus,

    Verg. A. 1, 467:

    Pergamenae naves cum adversarios premerent acrius,

    Nep. Hann. 11, 5:

    hinc Rutulus premit, et murum circumsonat armis,

    Verg. A. 8, 473:

    obsidione urbem,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 32.—Of the pursuit or chase of animals:

    ad retia cervum,

    Verg. G. 3, 413:

    spumantis apri cursum clamore,

    id. A. 1, 324:

    bestias venatione,

    Isid. 10, 282.—
    7.
    To press down, burden, load, freight:

    nescia quem premeret,

    on whose back she sat, Ov. M. 2, 869:

    tergum equi,

    id. ib. 8, 34;

    14, 343: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa suis,

    Prop. 4, 1, 114 (5, 1, 116):

    pressae carinae,

    Verg. G. 1, 303:

    pressus membra mero,

    Prop. 2, 12 (3, 7), 42:

    magno et gravi onere armorum pressi,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 24:

    auro phaleras,

    to adorn, Stat. Th. 8, 567.—
    8.
    To press into, force in, press upon:

    (caprum) dentes in vite prementem,

    Ov. F. 1, 355:

    presso sub vomere,

    Verg. G. 2, 356; cf.:

    presso aratro,

    Tib. 4, 1, 161:

    alte ensem in corpore,

    Stat. Th. 11, 542:

    et nitidas presso pollice finge comas,

    Prop. 3, 8 (4, 9), 14:

    et cubito remanete presso,

    leaning upon, Hor. C. 1, 27, 8. —
    b.
    To make with any thing ( poet.):

    aeternā notā,

    Ov. F. 6, 610:

    littera articulo pressa tremente,

    id. H. 10, 140:

    multā via pressa rotā,

    id. ib. 18, 134.—
    9.
    To press down, let down, cause to sink down, to lower:

    nec preme, nec summum molire per aethera currum,

    Ov. M. 2, 135:

    humanaeque memor sortis, quae tollit eosdem, Et premit,

    id. Tr. 3, 11, 67:

    mundus ut ad Scythiam Rhiphaeasque arduus arces Consurgit, premitur Libyae devexus in Austros,

    sinks down, Verg. G. 1, 240; Sen. Herc. Fur. 155. —
    b.
    In partic.
    (α).
    To set, plant:

    virgulta per agros,

    Verg. G. 2, 346; 26.—
    (β).
    To make or form by pressing down, to make any thing deep, to dig:

    vestigio leviter presso,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 53; cf.

    (trop.): vestigia non pressa leviter, sed fixa,

    id. Sest. 5, 13:

    sulcum premere,

    to draw a furrow, Verg. A. 10, 296:

    fossam transversam, inter montes pressit (al. percussit),

    Front. Strat. 1, 5:

    fossa pressa,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 4:

    cavernae in altitudinem pressae,

    Curt. 5, 1, 28.—
    (γ).
    To strike to the ground, to strike down:

    tres famulos,

    Verg. A. 9, 329:

    paucos,

    Tac. H. 4, 2.—
    10.
    To press closely, compress, press together, close:

    oculos,

    Verg. A. 9, 487:

    alicui fauces,

    Ov. M. 12, 509:

    laqueo collum,

    to strangle, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37:

    angebar ceu guttura forcipe pressus,

    Ov. M. 9, 78:

    presso gutture,

    compressed, Verg. G. 1, 410; cf.:

    siquidem unius praecordia pressit ille (boletus) senis,

    i. e. stopped his breath, Juv. 6, 621:

    quibus illa premetur Per somnum digitis,

    choked, id. 14, 221:

    amplexu presso,

    united, in close embrace, Sen. Oedip. 192:

    oscula jungere pressa,

    to exchange kisses, Ov. H. 2, 94; so,

    pressa basia,

    Mart. 6, 34, 1:

    presso gradu incedere,

    in close ranks, foot to foot, Liv. 28, 14:

    pede presso,

    id. 8, 8.—
    b.
    In partic.
    (α).
    To shorten, tighten, draw in:

    pressis habenis,

    Verg. A. 11, 600 (cf.:

    laxas dure habenas,

    id. ib. 1, 63).—
    (β).
    To keep short, prune:

    Calenā falce vitem,

    Hor. C. 1, 31, 9:

    luxuriem falce,

    Ov. M. 14, 628:

    falce premes umbras (i. e. arbores umbrantes),

    Verg. G. 1, 157; 4, 131:

    molle salictum,

    Calp. Ecl. 5, 110.—
    (γ).
    To check, arrest, stop:

    premere sanguinem,

    Tac. A. 15, 64:

    vestigia pressit,

    Verg. A. 6, 197:

    attoniti pressere gradum,

    Val. Fl. 2, 424 ' dixit, pressoque obmutuit ore, was silent, Verg. A. 6, 155.—
    11.
    To press out, bring out by pressure:

    tenerā sucos pressere medullā,

    Luc. 4, 318; cf.: (equus) collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 95, 68, and id. G. 3, 85 Rib.—
    12.
    To frequent: feci ut cotidie praesentem me viderent, habitavi in [p. 1441] oculis, pressi forum, Cic. Planc. 27, 66.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To press, press upon, oppress, overwhelm, weigh down; to urge, drive, importune, pursue, to press close or hard, etc. (class.):

    ego istum pro suis factis pessumis pessum premam,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 49 Lorenz ad loc.:

    quae necessitas eum tanta premebat, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:

    ea, quae premant, et ea, quae impendeant,

    id. Fam. 9, 1, 2:

    aerumnae, quae me premunt,

    Sall. J. 14, 22:

    pressus gravitate soporis,

    bound by heavy, deep sleep, Ov. M. 15, 21:

    cum aut aere alieno, aut magnitudine tributorum, aut injuriā potentium premuntur,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

    invidia et odio populi premi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228:

    premi periculis,

    id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:

    cum a me premeretur,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139; cf.:

    aliquem verbo,

    id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13:

    criminibus veris premere aliquem,

    Ov. M. 14, 401:

    cum a plerisque ad exeundum premeretur, exire noluit,

    was pressed, urged, importuned, Nep. Ages. 6, 1:

    a Pompeii procuratoribus sescentis premi coeptus est,

    Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3: numina nulla premunt;

    mortali urgemur ab hoste,

    Verg. A. 10, 375:

    premere reum voce, vultu,

    Tac. A. 3, 67:

    crimen,

    to pursue obstinately, Quint. 7, 2, 12:

    confessionem,

    to force a confession from one, id. 7, 1, 29:

    argumentum etiam atque etiam,

    to pursue steadily, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

    ancipiti mentem formidine pressus,

    Verg. A. 3, 47:

    maerore pressa,

    Sen. Oct. 103:

    veritate pressus negare non potuit,

    overcome, overpowered, Lact. 4, 13.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To repress, hide, conceal (mostly poet.):

    dum nocte premuntur,

    Verg. A. 6, 827:

    curam sub corde,

    id. ib. 4, 332:

    odium,

    Plin. Pan. 62:

    iram,

    Tac. A. 6, 50:

    pavorem et consternationem mentis vultu,

    id. ib. 13, 16:

    interius omne secretum,

    Sen. Ep. 3, 4:

    dolorem silentio,

    Val. Max. 3, 3, 1 ext.; cf. silentia, Sil. 12, 646:

    aliquid ore,

    Verg. A. 7, 103:

    jam te premet nox,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 16.—
    2.
    To lower, diminish, undervalue, disparage, depreciate:

    premendorum superiorum arte sese extollebat,

    Liv. 22, 12:

    arma Latini,

    Verg. A. 11, 402:

    opuscula ( = deprimere atque elevare),

    Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 36:

    famam alicujus,

    Tac. A. 15, 49:

    premere ac despicere,

    Quint. 11, 1, 16:

    premere tumentia, humilia extollere,

    id. ib. 10, 4, 1.—
    b.
    To surpass, exceed:

    facta premant annos,

    Ov. M. 7, 449:

    ne prisca vetustas Laude pudicitiae saecula nostra premat,

    id. P. 3, 1, 116:

    quantum Latonia Nymphas Virgo premit,

    Stat. S. 1, 2, 115.—
    c.
    To rule ( poet.):

    dicione premere populos,

    Verg. A. 7, 737:

    imperio,

    id. ib. 1, 54:

    Mycenas Servitio premet,

    id. ib. 1, 285.—
    3.
    To suppress, pull down, humble, degrade:

    quae (vocabula) nunc situs premit,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 118:

    nec premendo alium me extulisse velim,

    Liv. 22, 59, 10; cf. id. 39, 41, 1:

    premebat reum crimen,

    id. 3, 13, 1.—
    4.
    To compress, abridge, condense:

    haec enim, quae dilatantur a nobis, Zeno sic premebat,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20.—
    5.
    To check, arrest, repress, restrain:

    cursum ingenii tui, Brute, premit haec importuna clades civitatis,

    Cic. Brut. 97, 332:

    sub imo Corde gemitum,

    Verg. A. 10, 464:

    vocem,

    to be silent, id. ib. 9, 324:

    sermones vulgi,

    to restrain, Tac. A. 3, 6.—
    6.
    To store up, lay up in the mind, muse upon:

    (vocem) ab ore Eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit,

    Verg. A. 7, 119.—Hence, pressus, a, um, P. a.
    I.
    Moderate, slow, suppressed, kept down.
    A.
    Lit.:

    presso pede eos retro cedentes principes recipiebant,

    Liv. 8, 8, 9:

    presso gradu,

    id. 28, 14, 14; cf.:

    pressoque legit vestigia gressu,

    Ov. M. 3, 17.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    Of the voice or manner, subdued:

    haec cum pressis et flebilibus modis, qui totis theatris maestitiam inferant,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106.—
    2.
    Of color, lowered, depressed; hence, dark, gloomy:

    color pressus,

    Pall. 4, 13, 4:

    color viridi pressior,

    Plin. 35, 6, 13, § 32:

    spadices pressi,

    Serv. Verg. G. 3, 82.—
    II.
    Esp., of an orator or of speech.
    A.
    Compressed, concise, plain, without ornament (class.):

    fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, pressis exiles, fortibus temerarii, etc.,

    Quint. 10, 2, 16:

    cum Attici pressi et integri, contra Asiani inflati et inanes haberentur,

    id. 12, 10, 18.—Of style:

    pressa et tenuia, et quae minimum ab usu cotidiano recedant,

    Quint. 10, 1, 102:

    pressus et demissus stilus,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 5; Quint. 4, 2, 117.— Comp.: in concionibus pressior, et circumscriptior, et adductior, more moderate, keeping more within bounds, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.—
    B.
    Close, exact, accurate:

    Thucydides ita verbis aptus et pressus, ut,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56: quis te fuit umquam in partiundis rebus pressior? more exact, more accurate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 364, 24:

    sicuti taxare pressius crebriusque est, quam tangere,

    Gell. 2, 6, 5:

    quod (periculum) observandum pressiore cautelā censeo,

    stricter, greater, App. M. 5, p. 160, 36:

    cogitationes pressiores,

    id. ib. 5, p. 163, 32.—So of sounds, precise, intelligible:

    (lingua) vocem profusam fingit atque sonos vocis distinctos et pressos facit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.—Hence, adv.: pressē, with pressure, violently (class.): artius pressiusque conflictata, Atei. Capito ap. Gell. 10, 6, 2.—
    B.
    Closely, tightly.
    1.
    Lit.:

    vites pressius putare,

    Pall. 12, 9:

    pressius colla radere,

    Veg. Vet. 1, 56.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    Of pronunciation, shortly, neatly, trimly:

    loqui non aspere, non vaste, non rustice, sed presse, et aequabiliter, et leniter,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; id. Off. 1, 37, 133.—
    b.
    Of the mode of expression, etc., concisely, not diffusely:

    definire presse et anguste,

    Cic. Or. 33, 117:

    abundanter dicere, an presse,

    Quint. 8, 3, 40:

    pressius et astrictius scripsi,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.—
    (β).
    Without ornament, simply:

    unum (genus oratorum) attenuate presseque, alterum sublate ampleque dicentium,

    Cic. Brut. 55, 202:

    aliquid describere modo pressius, modo elatius,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 3.—
    (γ).
    Closely, exactly, correctly, accurately:

    mihi placet agi subtilius, et pressius,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24:

    definiunt pressius,

    id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14:

    anquisitius, et exactius pressiusque disserere,

    Gell. 1, 3, 21.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > premo

  • 20 premō

        premō essī, essus, ere    [PREM-], to press: ad pectora natos, V.: anguem humi, to tread on, V.: membra paterna rotis, i. e. drove her chariot over the body, O.: trabes Premunt columnas, press upon, H.: ubera plena, i. e. milk, O.: frena manu, grasp, O.: dente frena, champ, O.: grana ore suo, chew, O.: presso molari, with compressed teeth, Iu.: pressum lac, i. e. cheese, V.: quod surgente die mulsere, Nocte premunt, make into cheese, V.: litus, hug the shore, H.— To press out, express, obtain by pressing: pressa tuis balanus capillis, i. e. balsam, H.: oleum, express, H.— To press upon, lie on, rest on, be upon: humum, O.: toros, O.: hoc quod premis habeto, O.: pharetram cervice, O.— To cover, bury, suppress, hide: alqd terrā, H.: Omne lucrum tenebris premebat humus, O.: ossa male pressa, i. e. buried, O.: Conlectum sub naribus ignem, repressing (of a horse), V.— To cover, crown, adorn: ut premerer sacrā lauro, H.: Fronde crinem, V.— To press hard, bear upon, crowd, throng, pursue closely: Hac fugerent Grai, premeret Troiana iuventus, thronged, V.: Hinc Rutulus premit, V.: hostīs ex loco superiore, Cs.: naves cum adversarios premerent acrius, N.: Trīs famulos, i. e. kill., V.: ad retia cervom, chase, V.— To press down, burden, load, freight: Nescia quem premeret, on whose back she sat, O.: pressae carinae, loaded, V.— To press down, depress, cause to sink: sors, quae tollit eosdem, Et premit, O.: mundus ut ad Scythiam Consurgit, premitur, etc., is depressed, V.: dentīs in vite, O.: presso sub vomere, V.: cubito remanete presso, i. e. rest on your couches, H.— To mark, impress: littera articulo pressa tremente, written, O.: multā via pressa rotā, O.— To set out, plant: virgulta per agros, V.: pressae propaginis arcūs, layers, V.— To press down, make deep, impress: vestigio leviter presso: sulcum, draw a furrow, V.: cavernae in altitudinem pressae, Cu.— To press close, compress, close, shut: oculos, V.: fauces, O.: laqueo collum, strangle, H.: praecordia senis, stop the breath, Iu.: quibus illa premetur Per somnum digitis, choked, Iu. — To shorten, keep down, prune: falce vitem, H.: luxuriem falce, O.— To check, arrest: vestigia, V. — To visit frequently, frequent: forum.—Fig., to press, be pressing, burden, oppress, overwhelm, weigh down: necessitas eum premebat: aerumnae, quae me premunt, S.: pressus gravitate soporis, O.: aere alieno premi, Cs.: premi periculis.— To press, press upon, urge, drive, importune, pursue, press hard: cum a me premeretur: Criminibus premunt veris, urge, O.: a plerisque ad exeundum premi, to be importuned, N.: Numina nulla premunt, V.: (deus) Os rabidum fingit premendo, i. e. by his inspiration, V.— To follow up, press home, urge, dwell upon: argumentum etiam atque etiam: (vocem) pressit, i. e. laid to heart, V.— To cover, hide, conceal: dum nocte premuntur, V.: iam te premet nox, H.— To lower, pull down, humble, degrade, disparage, depreciate: premebat eum factio, kept him down, L.: hunc prensantem premebat nobilitas, opposed his candidacy, L.: arma Latini, V.: opuscula (opp. laudet ametque), H.— To compress, abridge, condense: haec Zeno sic premebat.— To check, arrest, repress, restrain: cursum ingeni tui, Brute, premit haec clades: vocem, to be silent, V. — To surpass, exceed, overshadow: Facta premant annos, O.: ne prisca vetustas Laude pudicitiae saecula nostra premat, O.— To keep down, rule: ventos imperio, V.: Mycenas servitio, V.
    * * *
    premere, pressi, pressus V
    press, press hard, pursue; oppress; overwhelm

    Latin-English dictionary > premō

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